Labeled Antibodies

In immunohistochemistry (IHC) fluorescence labeled antibodies are widely used, versatile tools to visualize target proteins (antigens). Here a labeled antibody can either be used to stain an antigen directly (direct immunofluorescence, DIF) or the fluorophore is bound to a secondary antibody which labels the primary antibody in a second step. Since more than one secondary antibody can bind to the primary antibody, the indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) is generally preferred due to the resulting signal amplification and hence higher sensitivity.
 

Fluorescence labeled antibodies with ATTO-dyes are available from several renowned suppliers: